Have you finished orthodontic treatment and think everything is resolved?
This is a common thought, but it is not correct. Orthodontic treatment does not end when the fixed appliance is removed or when treatment with invisible aligners is completed – and this is where the retention appliance comes in, an essential ally for maintaining the results achieved through the treatment. In this article, we explain what the retention appliance is for, how long it should be used, and what the risks are of neglecting its use.
What is a retention appliance?
It is an orthodontic device that is placed after the removal of the fixed appliance or after treatment with invisible aligners. Its function is to prevent the teeth from moving back to their original position — a phenomenon called dental relapse.
There are two types of retention appliances:
Fixed retention: consists of a thin metallic wire that is placed on the back of the teeth. Typically, the retention is used on the lower teeth, but depending on the clinical case, it may also be recommended for the upper teeth.
Removable retention: consists of a transparent tray, similar to a dental aligner, recommended for use at night.
Once orthodontic treatment is completed, the teeth are in a new position, but all the supporting tissues, like the gums, the bone, and the ligaments, are still in the process of regeneration. Without the use of a retention appliance, the probability is that gradually the teeth will return to their initial position, compromising all the investment made in time, effort, and money.
In essence, it's as if there is a biological memory regarding the initial position of the teeth and the periodontal ligament, which is responsible for connecting the tooth to the bone, that will tend to move the tooth back to the position it was in before treatment. Only over time and with the use of retention is it possible to stabilize this new position.
Thus, the retention appliance serves primarily to:
Prevent dental movement;
Stabilize the achieved alignment;
Maintain dental aesthetics and a harmonious smile;
Preserve bite functionality.
What is the purpose of dental retention?
How long should you use the retainer?
The duration of use of a fixed retainer depends on the clinical case and the recommendation of the orthodontist. However, it is common to use it for several years, and in some cases, the fixed retainer is maintained permanently and indefinitely.
Regarding the removable retainer, it should be used every night.
Maintaining this habit is simple and does not cause discomfort, making a difference in maintaining the treatment results and stability of the smile.
What if you don’t use the retainer?
Many patients, after completing orthodontic treatment, undervalue the importance of using the retainer. The result? Teeth misaligned again.
Care to take with the retainer
Maintain strict oral hygiene, especially if it is a fixed retainer, which is more susceptible to plaque and tartar accumulation.
Regular appointments with the dentist and oral hygienist, ideally every 6 months, not only to allow for professional oral hygiene with effective removal of plaque and tartar but also to adjust daily oral hygiene methods and ensure that the fixed retainer remains intact.
Avoid very hard and sticky foods that can dislodge or damage the fixed retainer.
Do not lose or damage the removable retainer. If either of these situations occurs, the retainer should be replaced quickly.
Frequently Asked Questions
The retention device is as important as the appliance chosen for orthodontic treatment. It should therefore be considered an essential part of orthodontic care. According to the American Association of Orthodontists (AAO), orthodontic retention should be viewed as a vital phase of treatment, not as optional. The stability of the teeth depends almost exclusively on the correct use of this device.
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